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Electric Galvanized Wire

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Introduction to Electro-Galvanized Steel Wire

Electro-galvanized steel wire (cold-galvanized wire) is a metallic product that forms a zinc layer on low-carbon steel wire through an electrolytic process. It combines corrosion resistance and decorative properties, making it widely used in construction, crafts, packaging, and industrial manufacturing. The core technology involves using electric current to uniformly deposit zinc ions from a zinc salt solution onto the steel wire surface, creating a dense coating that enhances material durability and aesthetics.

Production Process
The manufacturing process of electro-galvanized steel wire includes: high-quality low-carbon steel wire rods are drawn into shape, pickled to remove rust, annealed at high temperatures to soften the wire, electro-galvanized in an electrolytic cell where zinc ions are reduced to metallic zinc under current, passivated to enhance corrosion resistance, and finally cleaned and dried. Key steps involve surface pretreatment (ensuring zinc adhesion), precise electroplating control (adjusting current and solution concentration), and post-treatment (improving corrosion resistance and appearance).

Product Features
Advantages: Uniform and dense zinc layers ensure long indoor service life; smooth, shiny surfaces (silver-white or colored after passivation) meet decorative needs; lightweight and eco-friendly coatings minimize environmental impact; high ductility allows bending, weaving, and other forming operations.
Limitations: Zinc layers (3–15μm) are thinner than hot-dip galvanizing (45–300μm), leading to weaker outdoor corrosion resistance and potential rusting; higher production energy consumption may increase maintenance costs.

Applications
Construction: Used for scaffolding bundling and rebar fixing (commonly 22# wire, 0.71mm diameter) to ensure structural stability.
Crafts: Woven wire mesh and decorations requiring uniform zinc layers without breaks for both aesthetics and practicality.
Packaging & Agriculture: Product strap and fence construction, balancing strength and corrosion resistance for outdoor use.
Industrial Equipment: Machinery parts and cable reinforcement to enhance component corrosion resistance.

Specifications
Material: Q195 low-carbon steel for flexibility and strength.
Diameter Range: 0.7mm–5.0mm, with common sizes including 12#, 14#, and 22#.
Tensile Strength: Approximately 450–500MPa, varying by specification.
Zinc Coating: 3–15μm standard, with special processes achieving up to 300g/m².

Product Details of Electro-Galvanized Steel Wire


1. Product Definition

Electro-galvanized steel wire (cold-galvanized wire) is a metal product formed by depositing a zinc layer on low-carbon steel wire through an electrolytic process. It offers dual functions of corrosion resistance and decoration. The core of this technology is to use electric current to evenly attach zinc ions to the steel wire surface, forming a dense coating.


2. Production Process

  1. Flow:
    High-quality low-carbon steel wire rods → Drawing → Acid pickling to remove rust → High-temperature annealing → Electro-galvanization (completed in an electrolytic cell) → Passivation treatment → Cleaning and drying → Finished product.
  2. Key steps:
    • Surface treatment: Removes oil and impurities to ensure zinc layer adhesion.
    • Electroplating: Zinc ions in the zinc salt solution are reduced to metallic zinc on the steel wire surface via electrolytic equipment.

    • Post-treatment: Passivation enhances corrosion resistance, and polishing improves appearance.


3. Product Characteristics

  1. Advantages:
    • Corrosion resistance: Uniform and dense zinc layer delays steel rusting, with a longer lifespan in indoor environments.
    • Decorative effect: Smooth and shiny surface, available in silver-white or colored finishes after passivation for aesthetic appeal.
    • Environmental friendliness: Thin coating and lightweight design minimize environmental impact.
    • Processability: High ductility suitable for bending, weaving, and other forming operations.
  2. Disadvantages:
    • Zinc layer thickness: Typically 3–15 μm, with weaker corrosion resistance than hot-dip galvanizing (45–300 μm), making it prone to rust outdoors.
    • Cost: Higher energy consumption during production may increase long-term maintenance costs.


4. Application Fields

  1. Construction: Scaffolding bundling, rebar fixing (commonly 22# wire, 0.71mm).
  2. Crafts: Woven wire mesh and decorations requiring uniform zinc layers and no breaks.
  3. Packaging & agriculture: Product 捆扎，fence construction, balancing strength and corrosion resistance.
  4. Industrial equipment: Machinery parts, cable reinforcement, etc.


5. Specifications

  1. Material: Q195 low-carbon steel.
  2. Wire diameter range: 0.7mm–5.0mm (common sizes: 12#, 14#, 22#, etc.).
  3. Tensile strength: Approximately 450–500MPa, varying by 规格.
  4. Zinc layer weight: Typically 3–15 μm, with a maximum zinc coating of 300g/m² (special processes).


6. Differences from Hot-Dip Galvanized Wire

CharacteristicElectro-Galvanized WireHot-Dip Galvanized Wire
ProcessElectrolytic deposition, low-temperatureHigh-temperature immersion in zinc bath
Zinc layer thicknessThin (3–15μm), uniformThick (45–300μm), non-uniform
AppearanceBright silver-whiteDull white or gray
Corrosion resistancePoor, 1–2 years indoors, rusts easily outdoorsExcellent, decades outdoors
CostLowerHigher


7. Precautions

  1. Usage scenarios: Prioritize indoor or short-term protection; avoid long-term exposure to humid environments.
  2. Purchase advice: Choose zinc layer thickness based on usage environment, balancing cost and durability.
  3. Storage conditions: Store in dry, ventilated areas away from acidic or alkaline substances.


8. Reference Standards

  • Domestic: GB/T 3019-92 (Galvanized welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transport).
  • International: ASTM A641 (Standard for galvanized steel wire), etc.


This information provides a comprehensive understanding of electro-galvanized steel wire’s performance, applications, and selection criteria to meet practical needs.


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